Nzila Yakuzwidilila: Kusala kwa Injiniya akuchita kabotu kwa ntambo zya Tower Crane Mukuyaka Kwamunzi Mazubaano

Kakusololelwa akuyaambele kwamadolopo munyika yoonse akubikka mali muzintu ziyandikana, mayake malamfu amapulojekiti mapati aazintu ziyandikana alikuvwula. Eezi zyakapa kuti kusala kwasayaansi akulanganya kabotu ngazi Tambo ya Waya ya Cranes, ntalisyo yakunyamuna zintu zilemu, nchintu chipati chipa kuti mulimo kaukwabilidwe akubeleka obotu.

Kweelana amalipooti aakulanga-langa makwebo, kuyanda ntambo zya tower crane zibeleka obotu kwakomena ziindi zyobile muminyaka yosanwe yainda. Eechi chikozyano chitondeezya kuti makwebo ayandikana loko mukukwabilila, kusyomeka kwazibelesyo, akubeleka kwachiindi chilamfu. Mbuli Dr. John S. Parker, syaazibwene mupati mumulimo wakunyamuna zintu, mbwaakakankaizya: "Kusala kabotu ntambo zyawaya takuli buyo ntalisyo yakusumpula mulimo wa crane, pele alimwi ncecisinkilizyo cipati cakugwisya ntenda zyakukwabilila kubusena." Mubukkale bwakufwambaana kupanga zintu, ooku kulipeda kuzintu zibotu, kugwasyilizyigwa akuzumanana kubikka mali kwabasikupanga zintu bapati (mbuli inkamu iizyibidwe kapati yakubamba ntambo zya waya ku Shanghai) mumakani aasayaansi aazibelesyo alimwi anzila zyakupanga zintu, kuyandika kuti boonse aabo bajisi lubazu mumulimo ooyu batobelezye kapati zyeelelo zyakupanga zintu zipya alimwi anzila zyakupanga zintu.

1. Bupange amulimu: Kuvwuntauzya kwamisyobo ya Tower Crane Wire Ropes

Kusala kwa ntambo zya ntambo zya tower crane zyamazubaano kweendelana amilimo yazyo abube bwakukatazyigwa kwa crane.

1.1 Tambo zyawaya zitazungaani

Ziimo zyakubelesya: Chibelesegwa kapati muzintu zipati zyakunyamuna zintu, ikapati mukuyaka maanda malamfu.

Njiisyo Yabusongo: Eezyi ntambo zyawaya zibelesya nzila zikatazya kumvwisisisya zijisi zibeela zyiingi (nkokuti, 18x7 naa 35x7). Misinga yamukati ilaa nzila zyakuzungaana ziimpene amisinga yakunze, aboobo zilalesya kuzungaana. Muchiindi chakubeleka mujulu, eezi zilakwabilila ntenda zyakulizungaana kwazintu zilemu antoomwe achibelesyo chakujatila, kupa kuti zikkale kabotu.

Zyakuyeeya aatala akubeleka: Nikuba kuti nchintu chibotu loko chakulwana kuzungaana, bupange bwayo bwamukati bukatazya kumvwisisisya antoomwe anguzu zyakujatana aakati kamawaya zilakonzya kuyandika zyeelelo zyakubambulula zisumpukide mumakani aakukazya kukatala akukazya kusama.

1.2 ntambo zya waya ziyumu

Ziimo zyakubelesya:Chili kabotu kukunyamuna zintu zilema antoomwe akuvwungulula ng'oma zyiingi.

Bubotu bwabusongo: Misinga iiswaangenyi, kwiinda mukusinkilila kwa minchina, ipa kuti misinga ibe aabuyumuyumu alimwi buteteete. Eezi zileta bubotu bobile:

(1) Kuzuzya kupati: Kubwamba bweelene, busena bupati bwachibulo bupa kuti kube manguzu aakutyola.

(2) Kukakatila kwakusinkilila: Kusumpula ntambo ya waya kuti itanyonyooki akunyonyooka a ng'oma azibeela zili afwaafwi muchiindi chakuvwungulula zibeela zyiingi.

1.3 Mulimu Uuyandikana waMuntu Mupati Mukuchita.

Tambo ya waya iiteendelani (IWRC) ilabelesyegwa kapati muntambo zya waya zya tower crane. Kweezyanisya aama fiber cores (FC) aakaindi, steel core ilapa lugwasyo luyumu ku radial kumitwe yakunze, mpawo ilakonzya kukazya ma radial pressure aazwa muchiindi chakunyamuna akuvwungulula. Eezi zilayandika kapati mukusinizya kuti ntambo kazili kabotu akusumpula kusinikizyigwa akukazya kukatala.

2. Kusala kwa Injiniya:

Zintu Zipati Zijatikizya Kubeleka Kwantambo Ya Tower Crane Kusala ntambo ya waya yabasyaazibwene nchintu chiyandikana loko mukupanga zintu zyeelede kuchitwa kwiinda mukulanga manguzu.

3. Kweezyanisya nzila zyakupanga zintu: Kusiyana aakati ka ntambo ya nsimbi zyachiindi antambo ya nsimbi iibeleka obotu.

Nikuba kuti ntambo ya waya yabutale nchintu chidumide kubelesegwa kuma tower crane, ntambo ya fiber (mbuli ntambo ya HMPE) ilikuzwidilila mumilimo imwi akaambo kakubula kulema kwayo alimwi anguzu zyayo.

3.1 Kutakonzya kuchinchwa kwantambo yabutale:

Tambo ya waya yabutale ilaa nguzu zyakukazya kupya akuchegwa, ilakonzya kuliyumya kukupya kwakuzwangana kuzwa kunzila yakubuleki ya crane drum, alimwi itondezya kukkalikana kubotu loko muchiindi chamikuli mipati.

3.2 Zilebyo zyatambo zyakupanga:

Nikuba kuti ntambo yakupanga njiubauba loko alimwi taizungaani pe, kupya kwayo nkusyoonto, aboobo ilafwambaana kunyonyooka akaambo kakupya kwa ng'oma. Kuya kunembo, kubeleka kwawo kulamana loko aawo nokwakkala kwachiindi chilamfu mumuni wa ultraviolet antoomwe amakemikalu, kupa kuti kakutazya kuchincha mulimo mupati wa tower crane.

4. Kweendelezya ntenda: Kubamba ntambo zya waya, kusowa, akutobela milawu. Kweendelezya ntambo ya waya munzila yabusongo nchintu chipati mukukwabililwa kuzumanana.

4.1 Kubamba Kwakukwabilila

Kusanzya: Lyoonse alimwi munzila iiluzi chita kusanzya mukati ka ntambo ya waya. Mafuta taayelede buyo kucesya kuzwangana kwaatala, pesi chiyandikana loko, ayelede kunjila mukati ka ntambo kuchitila kuti agwisye kubola akubola kwamukati aakati ka ntambo.

Kulanga-langa: Kulanga-langa kweelede kutobela zyeelelo zya ISO 4309, akubikkila maanu kuzintu zipati.

Mweelwe wamawaya aatyokede: Langa naa mweelwe wamatambo aatyokede wiinda mweelwe uuzumizyidwe mukati kabulamfu bwakubikkila.

Kucheya kwabwamba: Langa kuti naa kucesya kwabwamba bwantambo kweendelanya abwaanda bwazina bwainda aawo mpobakaamba basikupanga (kanjikanji 3%-6%). Kucheya kwabwamba bwakufwambaana kutondeezya kunyonyooka kwamukati naa kutyoka kwamukati.

4.2 Zyeelelo Zyakusofwaazya Akutobela Milawu

Kubeleka akubamba ngazi yoonse Intambo zya Crane weelede kutobela zyeelelo zyanyika yoonse, zilimbuli ASME B30.3 (Tower Crane Standard) antoomwe a EN12385 (Wire Rope Manufacturing Standard). Nikuba kuti zyeelelo zyakusowa zyazuzikizigwa, ntambo yeelede kuchinchwa ndilyona; kotantamuka kulibilika kuli koonse.

4.3 Zibelesyo Zyakubelesya: Zilebyo zya DIN 741 Zikwabilizyo Zyawaya

Nikuba kuti ntambo zya waya zibelesyegwa kugwasya naakuti zitayandiki, DIN 741 zijazyo zya butale zilabonwa kuti tazibeleki pe. Mukujatana kwazibelesyo zipati zijatikizya kunyamuna zintu zipati akukwabililwa kupati, nzila zyabunjiniya zilasinizya kubelesya zibelesyo zipati zyakunyamuna zintu zyeendelana a EN13411-5 naa US Federal Specification FF-C-450D (yakabambwa) zyeelelo, alimwi akutobela kapati zyeelelo zyakubikka "saddle rope" atala aantambo mpati kutegwa kube kuswaangana kubotu 80% naa kwiinda waawo nguzu zyakutyola ntambo.

Mamanino:

Mukuyandaula mazubaano kuyaka bulamfu akubeleka obotu, kusala ntambo zya waya zya tower crane takuchili nzila nguba yakuula pe, pesi nkusala kwaba injiniya kweendelana anzila zyakuyaka, sayensi yazibelesyo, antoomwe akweendelezya ntenda. Kuzwa kukusala zibelesyo zya RR zitakonzyi kuzungaana kusikila kukubelesya malailile aa ISO aakumanizya buumi, ntaamu imwi aimwi ilasala kuti naa pulojekiti ilakonzya kuzwidilila kubamba julu lyamunzi lyakumbele kumwi kakuli lukwabililo akubeleka obotu.